Molecular Biology is a very young biological discipline and has a very short history. Certain notable accomplishments of Molecular Biologists are listed below -
1928 F. Grifith – discovered
phenomenon of transformation in bacteria
1934 M. Schlesinger –
bacteriophase composed of DNA & protein
1941 G.W. Beadle & E.L. Tatum –
classical studies regard to biochemical genetics of Nurospora
1944 O.T. Avery, C.M. MacLeod,
& M. McCarthy – DNA is a heredity chemical
1948 A. Boivin, R. Vendrely &
C. Vendrely – quantity of DNA in each haploid set of chromosome is constant
1950 E. Chargaff – Adenine = Thiamine & Guanine = Cytosine
1952 A.D. Hershey & M. Chase
– demonstrate, only DNA of T2 bacteriophage enters the host cell but protein remains outside
1953 J.D. Watson & F.H.C.
Crick – proposed double helical structural model of DNA
1956 A. Gierer & G. Schramm –
demonstrated that RNA is a genetic material of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
1957 H.F. Contrat & B. Singer
– produced hybrid RNA viruses and also confirmed that RNA is a genetic material
in some viruses
Mathew
Meselson & Franklin W. Stahl – performed a density gradient experiment
using 15N isotopes to confirm the semiconservative theory of
replication of Watson and Crick
1958 G. Beadle & E. Tatum
received Nobel Prize for their contribution in biochemical genetics of Neurospora.
J. Laderberg – received Nobel
Prize for the discovery of bacterial recommendation
1959 R.L. Sinsheimer – isolated single
stranded DNA of Ø-X 174
S.
Ochoa & A. Kornberg – received Nobel Prize for artificial synthesis of
nucleic acids
1961 M.W. Nirenberg & J.H.
Matthaei – cracked mRNA code
F.H.C.
Crick & his colleagues - Genetic language is made of three letters (i.e., triplet codon)
F.
Jacob & J. Monod – Operon concept
1962 J. Watson & F. Crick; M.
Wilkens – received Nobel Prize for the discovery of molecular nature of DNA
1963 J.P. Waller – 1/2th
of all proteins of E. coli have the
amino acid methionine in the N-terminal
1964
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